Northern Lights St. Catharines – Visible Tonight? Kp 5 Needed

From Kp 5 the aurora can be seen on the horizon in St. Catharines, from Kp 7 high in the sky. NOAA's live 3-day Kp forecast and tonight's dark hours.

Aurora over St. Catharines

  • St. Catharines lies at 52° geomagnetic latitude. From Kp 5 an aurora can show low over the northern horizon, from Kp 7 it can reach overhead – on a dark, clear night away from city lights.

Dark hours in St. Catharines – the next 7 nights

  • Tue, October 6: fully dark from 20:23 to 05:46, moon 18 % lit
  • Wed, October 7: fully dark from 20:21 to 05:47, moon 10 % lit
  • Thu, October 8: fully dark from 20:20 to 05:49, moon 5 % lit
  • Fri, October 9: fully dark from 20:18 to 05:50, moon 1 % lit
  • Sat, October 10: fully dark from 20:16 to 05:51, moon 0 % lit
  • Sun, October 11: fully dark from 20:14 to 05:52, moon 1 % lit
  • Mon, October 12: fully dark from 20:13 to 05:53, moon 4 % lit

Which Kp is enough where?

  • Reykjavik: On the horizon from Kp 0 · High in the sky from Kp 0
  • Tromsø: On the horizon from Kp 0 · High in the sky from Kp 0
  • Edinburgh: On the horizon from Kp 2 · High in the sky from Kp 4
  • Oslo: On the horizon from Kp 1.3 · High in the sky from Kp 3.3
  • Stockholm: On the horizon from Kp 2.3 · High in the sky from Kp 4
  • Helsinki: On the horizon from Kp 2.3 · High in the sky from Kp 4.3
  • Copenhagen: On the horizon from Kp 3.3 · High in the sky from Kp 5.3
  • Hamburg: On the horizon from Kp 4.3 · High in the sky from Kp 6.3
  • Berlin: On the horizon from Kp 5 · High in the sky from Kp 7
  • London: On the horizon from Kp 4.3 · High in the sky from Kp 6.3
  • Warsaw: On the horizon from Kp 5.7 · High in the sky from Kp 7.7
  • Munich: On the horizon from Kp 7 · High in the sky from Kp 9
  • Paris: On the horizon from Kp 6 · High in the sky from Kp 8
  • Toronto: On the horizon from Kp 4.7 · High in the sky from Kp 6.7
  • Data: NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center

How long it gets fully dark in St. Catharines

  • The night after the 15th of each month: how long the sun stays more than 18° below the horizon. An aurora needs that dark sky – far north, summer has none at all.
  • January: 11 h 17 min · 18:48–06:04
  • February: 10 h 14 min · 19:23–05:37
  • March: 8 h 54 min · 20:58–05:52
  • April: 7 h 6 min · 21:43–04:49
  • May: 5 h 15 min · 22:35–03:50
  • June: 4 h 0 min · 23:17–03:17
  • July: 4 h 38 min · 23:04–03:42
  • August: 6 h 26 min · 22:08–04:34
  • September: 8 h 17 min · 21:03–05:20
  • October: 9 h 49 min · 20:08–05:57
  • November: 11 h 1 min · 18:31–05:32
  • December: 11 h 34 min · 18:25–05:59

How to see it

  • Look toward the pole: North in the northern hemisphere, south in the southern – away from city lights.
  • Use your phone's night mode: A camera shows colours the eye cannot see yet – the aurora often looks grey at first.
  • Be patient: The aurora comes in bursts, often 20–30 minutes apart.
  • Check the clouds: Without a clear view to the horizon nothing helps.

FAQ

  • What does the Kp index mean? The Kp index measures from 0 to 9 how disturbed Earth's magnetic field is. The higher it is, the farther the auroral oval moves toward the equator. From Kp 5 NOAA speaks of a geomagnetic storm.
  • When is the best time for the northern lights? Around magnetic midnight – in central Europe roughly between 10 pm and 2 am – and around the equinoxes in spring and autumn, when storms are a little more frequent.
  • How reliable is the forecast? The Kp forecast for the next hours is quite good, for two or three days only rough: solar storms take one to three days to reach Earth, and their exact strength often only shows shortly before.